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Be Careful These Signs of Cardiovascular Aging

by Amélie Poulain
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A healthy cardiovascular system and circulatory function are important keys to extending a healthy lifespan and are important factors affecting disease and death. The study published in “Nature Reviews Cardiology” mentioned eight hallmarks of cardiovascular aging, attracting attention from many people.


Loss of macrophage function represents the decline in the autologous ability to control cell quality
and is the first indicator of cardiovascular system aging. (Photo via unsplash.com)

PARIS, FRANCE (Merxwire) – A healthy cardiovascular system and normal circulatory function are important keys to extending a healthy lifespan and are key factors affecting disease and death. Therefore, medical experts from various countries spend a lot of effort on how to maintain their health and detect early signs of dangerous damage. The study titled Hallmarks of Cardiovascular Ageing was published in the well-known cardiovascular journal “Nature Reviews Cardiology” and attracted attention from all walks of life because it mentioned eight major characteristics of cardiovascular aging.

This study was jointly proposed by Professor Guido Kroemer of L’Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM in Paris, France, and Professor Mahmoud Abdellatif of the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. The eight major aging characteristics summarized include disabled macroautophagy, loss of proteostasis, genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, dysregulated neurohormonal signaling, and inflammation.

Disabled macroautophagy represents the reduced ability of the autologous body to control cell quality. Because the autophagy function of macrophages can encapsulate dysfunctional, toxic, or dead cells and pathogens in double-membrane vesicles for phagocytosis and digestion, to control eukaryotic cell health, especially cardiovascular structure-related cells. And macrophages also have the function of activating lymphocytes and other immune cells, allowing us to speed up our response to invading pathogens. Therefore, the loss of macrophage function also represents the aging of the cardiovascular system.

Loss of proteostasis affects our physical health and ability to withstand stress. Maintain the stability and integrity of the proteome through protein synthesis, folding, denaturation, and selective degradation. As age increases, the balance of the proteome will be greatly threatened. Once protein homeostasis is lost, cardiovascular aging will be aggravated, and cardiomyocytes must face a large amount of protein-toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). In severe cases, it can also cause cerebrovascular dysfunction and reduce the cognitive function of patients with vascular dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Studies have proven that if protein can be stabilized, cardiovascular aging can be delayed.

Genomic instability is also one of the characteristics of body organ aging. Whether mutations will occur is related to the environment and tissue. As we age, the endothelial cells and atherosclerotic plaques in our blood vessels are more susceptible to DNA damage, become less stable, and are prone to dysfunction. Epigenetic alterations are related to cardiovascular aging, age changes, gene transcription imbalance, and disease, especially when the genome has begun to become unstable, which is more likely to cause genetic variation.

Experts believe that poor living habits can also aggravate cardiovascular aging,
and sitting for long periods without exercising is one of them.
(Photo via unsplash.com)

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important aging phenomenon, especially for the cardiovascular system, which relies on mitochondria to transmit signals and metabolism. Cardiac aging is associated with a massive decline in mitochondrial number. Mitochondria in the aging heart are usually damaged in structure and function, such as swelling, deformation, decreased activity and stability, etc. Studies have found that if the integrity of mitochondria can be maintained, cardiac aging and inflammation can be reduced, and cardiovascular protection can be achieved.

Cellular senescence is thought to be cell cycle arrest, which causes cells to lose their ability to replicate, reduce certain cell functions, and accelerate inflammation. Aging occurs in cardiomyocytes, which are associated with cardiovascular health, and also affects endothelial cells and fibroblasts. The aging of endothelial cells is related to vasodilation dysfunction and impaired blood-brain barrier function, which can be said to influence each other. Research has found that if the rate of cell aging can be slowed down, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis can be slowed down, and heart function can be protected.

The main neurohormones in the body include β-adrenergic, aldosterone system, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), etc., which are continuously stimulated during the aging process, leading to cardiovascular system disorders. Aging and physiological aging will also put the body in a state of chronic inflammation, thus affecting cardiovascular health. Among them, atherosclerosis is a disease caused by long-term inflammation, and inflammation will also accelerate the aging of the body, which can be said to affect each other. Therefore, if inflammation in the body can be improved, there is a chance of delaying cardiovascular aging.

However, as we age, various physical aging phenomena are inevitable. If you can pay attention to the 8 aging warning signs of cardiovascular disease and take care of daily health, you still have the opportunity to slow down the aging rate of the body and maintain cardiovascular health. Experts recommend focusing on your daily diet, reducing the intake of high-fat, high-sugar, fried, and refined processed foods, eating more high-fiber original foods, and focusing on balanced nutritional intake. Developing exercise habits and avoiding sitting for long periods are essential principles for maintaining cardiovascular health.

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